Heavy metal concentrations Cd Cu and Pb in five aquatic
· Concentration of Pb in uncontaminated freshwater plants ranges between and μg/g Deng et al 2022 and the concentration that is toxic to plants is over 30 μg/g Ramadan 2022 Copper is an essential element to plant growth but will cause toxic effects when stems or leaves accumulate Cu levels exceeding 20 μg/g Deng et al 2022